Volume 9, Issue 2

Morphotectonic Analysis of Mboula Area in Relation with Central Cameroon Shear Zone (CCSZ) and Lithology Using Remote Sensing and Field Data
Original Research
The field studies, the Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS processing and the digital elevation model of the Alos Palsar images enabled us to map the lineaments of the Mboula area, in the Adamawa-Yadé domain of the Central Pan-African Fold Belt. The use of the OLI 8 band on Landsat 7 × 7 window made it possible to highlight these lineaments. The result depicted in more than 12,417 segments of lines and curves corresponding to potential fractures and geological contacts. Note that the maximum number of main lineaments after treatment (3,274 lineaments) are oriented NE-SW. The second lineament trend in the study area is NNE-SSW and NNW-SSE respectively. The DEM of the Alos Palsar sensor made it possible to establish four geomorphological units in the study area: hilltop, mountain, plateau and alluvial plain. By superimposing these on the lithological map and tectonic, the coincidence is quite obvious. Thus, field and remote sensing analysis reveal that lithology and the CCSZ have influenced significantly the geomorphological evolution of the Mboula area. These results also illustrate the interest of remote sensing analysis in mapping tectonic structures, with benefit of time saving and precision.
Journal of Geosciences and Geomatics. 2021, 9(2), 83-95. DOI: 10.12691/jgg-9-2-5
Pub. Date: June 21, 2021
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Petrography and Geochemical Features of Dolerites Dykes from Fell (Adamawa Plateau, Cameroon-Central Africa)
Original Research
Dolerite dykes from Fell locality in Southern Adamawa plateau in central Cameroon transect the granitoids of the basement along Pan African cracks of N70 and N135. They are 20 to 30 m in width and stretch on more than 100 m. Petrographical studies show intersertal doleritic texture defined by subhedral to euhedral k-feldspar, plagioclase, clinopyroxene and oxides. ICP-MS and ICP-AES geochemical analyses of Fell dolerites show that they are basalts of continental tholeiite affinity. Studied dolerites are the results of relatively high partial melting of E-MORB mantle source of spinel lherzolite composition. Lavas have evolved through fractional crystallization process coupled with continental crust contamination. Fell dolerites are considered as times markers of a geodynamic even combining limited stretching and tectonic phenomenon, probably the post Pan African relaxation setting.
Journal of Geosciences and Geomatics. 2021, 9(2), 74-82. DOI: 10.12691/jgg-9-2-4
Pub. Date: June 16, 2021
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Petrological Characterization of Pelites from the Mintom Basin and Their Weathering Mantle
Original Research
The aim of the present study is to characterize a weathering mantle developed on pelitic rock in the tropical forest region precisely in Mintom (South East Cameroun). This characterization include morphology, physico-chemical and mineralogic analyses. The region is characterize by a hot and wet climate consisting of four seasons of inequal length and intensity. The average temperature is about 24°C and the mean rainfall is about 1633mm/years. The rocks in the area consist of limestone, dolomites and pelites. Fieldwork consist of landscape analysis, geologic prospection and soil profile description. Mineralogical and physico-chemical was carried out on various samples in the laboratory. Morphological results show that the studied profile has a general brownish yellow aspect, with a thickness of about 6m and a silty-clayey texture. Five horizons can be distinguished from top to bottom: a humiferous horizon, a loose yellow set, a yellow horizon bearing quartz fragments and large indurated blocks, a saprolite consisting of a fine and coarse saprolite possessing some pelite relics of variable sizes and a deep red colour just like that of the parent rock. The parent rock is a massive pelite with a reddish colour when wet and a violet colour when dry. It has a powdery feel. Analytically, the soils have an acidic pH (4,0 to 4,2), a high organic matter content (4,8%), a C/N ratio of about 6,76, a cationic exchange capacity of 7,64meq/100g with a saturation rate S/T of about 7. Particle size distribution shows that the silty fraction is dominant (59%), followed by the clayey fraction (30%). The main minerals are kaolinite, quartz, smectites, calcites, dolomites, goethite and hematite.
Journal of Geosciences and Geomatics. 2021, 9(2), 66-73. DOI: 10.12691/jgg-9-2-3
Pub. Date: June 14, 2021
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Computation and Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Variability of Total Electron Content (TEC) of NIGNET CORS over Northern Part of Nigeria
Original Research
This paper focused on the determination of Spatial and Temporal variability of TEC over parts of Northern Nigeria. It computed and analyzed the year 2011 and 2013 TEC data, obtained from the Nigerian Global Navigation Satellite Systems Reference Network (NIGNET)’s ground-based GPS receivers installed at Six (6) different locations across Northern Nigeria. Results show that, the annual magnitude of TEC of 2013 was higher than that of 2011. The Diurnal analysis indicates TEC variation was minimum at pre-dawn (0-5 TECU) and increased during the day time attaining a maximum in the afternoon and decrease before sunset at all stations. The highest monthly average value was in November (34.49 and 31.39 TECU) and the minimum value in January (13.21 TECU) and September (18.91 TECU) at BKFP Station for 2011 and 2013 respectively. For seasonal variation, the equinox has the highest value of the GPS-TEC, followed by winter and the lowest value in the summer in all the stations for both years. The highest value of GPS-TEC was recorded at equinox in the year 2013 at FUTY (26.66 TECU) and 2011 at BKFP (26.63 TECU) stations respectively. The lowest value, was in summer at CGGT 2011(17.32 TECU) and 2013 (22.58 TECU). The spatial variation shows that TEC varies with latitude more than longitude. Further research is recommended on ionospheric effects and TEC variability during solar minima and solar maxima, as the research focused on ascending phase of solar cycle 24.
Journal of Geosciences and Geomatics. 2021, 9(2), 55-65. DOI: 10.12691/jgg-9-2-2
Pub. Date: June 07, 2021
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Contribution of Gravity and Hydrogeological Implication to the Study of the Subsoil in the East Region (Cameroon)
Original Research
A geophysical study combining gravimetric and geo-electric methods was carried out in East Cameroon in order to characterize the soil and subsoil of this area. This work constitutes a preliminary study for the evaluation of areas suitable for hydraulic drilling. The aim of this work is to determine the different lineaments that would be found in this area as well as the different layers of land found in this part of Cameroon. The superposition of maxima map of the horizontal gradient reveals the presence of E-W, N-S, ENE-WSW, NNW-SSE, NNE-SSW and NE-SW oriented contacts. Borings curves obtained from the geoelectrical data allowed the geological section of the area to be drawn up, which is characterized by laterites, clays and fissured granites.
Journal of Geosciences and Geomatics. 2021, 9(2), 45-54. DOI: 10.12691/jgg-9-2-1
Pub. Date: May 27, 2021
2985 Views9 Downloads