Journal of Geosciences and Geomatics

An aerial view of the confluence of Rivers Niger and Benue at Lokoja in Central Nigeria presents a remarkable picturesque and touristique attraction. In addition, the Campano- Maastrichtian Agbaja (375m), Patti (420m) and Aforo (510m) plateaux which have been preserved by the lateritized iron capping host the underlying oolitic and pisolitic ironstones, water springs and by their relief constitute locations of touristic attraction and ideal field laboratories for general and engineering geology studies; particularly with several road cuttings opened up by road construction activities. The plateaux slope into Precambrian, which hosts Banded Iron Formation and marble deposits to the west and the Maastrichtian coaliferous deposits of the northern Anambra Basin to the east. The on-going dredging of the River Niger with its inland port for commercial transportation and the planned petroleum refinery in the area calls for adequate planning to achieve sustainable human activities that should lead to economic growth and the development of the tourism industry. The latter has enormous implication in attracting investment that can lead to the repositioning of the extractive industry in an area of such great potential.

Journal of Geosciences and Geomatics. 2015, 3(2), 44-49. DOI: 10.12691/jgg-3-2-3
Pub. Date: May 12, 2015

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Bathymetric Survey Investigation for Lagos Lagoon Seabed Topographical Changes

by Chukwu Fidelis N. and Badejo O.T.

Original Research

Bathymetry is the study of under water depth of lake and ocean floors and accurate data for production of nautical chart is the main objective of bathymetric survey. This research work was conducted to investigate changes in the topography of the northern part of Lagos lagoon (Ikorodu route) and thereby updating the existing chart. Data acquisition was done using satellite imagery, tidal observation and reduction, depth sounding with echo sounder and GPS. Initial processing performed on observed bathymetric data includes spike removal, tidal correction on instantaneous depth and sorting with HYPACK 2008 software. Further processing was done using ArcGIS 10.0 Software. The processed depths were analyzed and presented in form of graphs and charts. A surface descriptor of sediment region for accretion and dredged region was developed using depth differential of two dataset and their sediment volumes were ascertained. From the analysis conducted, there is an indication that accreted sediment volume is greater than Dredged volume and perhaps could have being influenced by the adjoining tributaries of the lagoon water. For further studies, needs for investigating the source of accreted mass through integrated coastal management plan is recommended.

Journal of Geosciences and Geomatics. 2015, 3(2), 37-43. DOI: 10.12691/jgg-3-2-2
Pub. Date: April 21, 2015

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Lead Reservoirs and Metallization in Nigeria: Example of a Contrasting Geological Terrains

by Silas Dada, Onema Adojoh, Adisa Rahaman and Ibrahim Garba

Original Research

Whole rock and mineral extracts from Nigerian goldfields of late Proterozoic age are significantly more radiogenic than those from the much younger Mesozoic lead-zinc mineralization in the Benue Trough, their common formation by hydrothermal processes notwithstanding. Their marked contrasts in lead isotope compositions can be attributed to differences in source reservoirs, structural settings and geological history rather than their age of mineralization. The Mesozoic sulphides have a remarkable uniformly unradiogenic composition for their age, placing the deposits in the lower crustal geotectonic environment that indicate a source of much lower µ. In contrast, mineral extracts from the southwestern and northwestern Nigeria gold deposits show increasingly radiogenic composition and plot in the mixed and upper crustal geotectonic fields respectively, typical of sources enriched in U/Pb and Th/Pb ratios, with clear indication of larger upper crustal reservoir of much higher µ. Therefore, exploration efforts may need to emphasize near-source mineralization prospects of low radiogenic Pb composition for economic deposits.

Journal of Geosciences and Geomatics. 2015, 3(2), 28-36. DOI: 10.12691/jgg-3-2-1
Pub. Date: April 20, 2015

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